VIM editor

ViM is one of the best editor for Linux. It's often criticize because of its learning curve - quite hard at first - but it's super powerful!

Installation

ViM by default is powerful. ViM-Nox add some language coloring. :)

sudo apt-get install vim vim-doc vim-nox

Configuration

Edit the configuration file

sudo vim /etc/vim/vimrc

Enable

• Syntax coloring
• Open to where you left last time
• Indentation rules and plugins
• Edit options
  • Show command line
  • Show matching brackets
  • Do case insensitive matching
  • Do incremental search
  • Hide buffers
  • Show line numbers
  • Enable ruler

Your configuration file should look liḱe that:

" All system-wide defaults are set in $VIMRUNTIME/debian.vim and sourced by
" the call to :runtime you can find below.  If you wish to change any of those
" settings, you should do it in this file (/etc/vim/vimrc), since debian.vim
" will be overwritten everytime an upgrade of the vim packages is performed.
" It is recommended to make changes after sourcing debian.vim since it alters
" the value of the 'compatible' option.

" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are
" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
runtime! debian.vim

" Uncomment the next line to make Vim more Vi-compatible
" NOTE: debian.vim sets 'nocompatible'.  Setting 'compatible' changes numerous
" options, so any other options should be set AFTER setting 'compatible'.
"set compatible

" Vim5 and later versions support syntax highlighting. Uncommenting the next
" line enables syntax highlighting by default.
if has("syntax")
  syntax on
endif

" If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting
" turn on this option as well
" set background=dark

" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
" reopening a file
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'\"" | endif
endif

" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules and plugins
" according to the detected filetype.
if has("autocmd")
  filetype plugin indent on
endif

" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
set showcmd		" Show (partial) command in status line.
set showmatch		" Show matching brackets.
set ignorecase		" Do case insensitive matching
"set smartcase		" Do smart case matching
set incsearch		" Incremental search
set autowrite		" Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
set hidden		" Hide buffers when they are abandoned
"set mouse=a		" Enable mouse usage (all modes)
set nu                  " Show line numbers
set ruler               " Show ruler

" Source a global configuration file if available
if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.local")
  source /etc/vim/vimrc.local
endif

Shortcuts

Just google for vim shortcuts to get the exhaustive list. Here are the main ones:

General

Nearly all commands can be preceded by a number for a repeat count. eg. 5dd delete 5 lines

<Esc> gets you out of any mode and back to command mode

Commands preceded by : are executed on the command line at the bottom of the screen. eg. :help help with any command

Navigation

Cursor movement: ← ↓ ↑ →

Go to line XX :320 to reach line number 320

Line navigation:

• 0 start of line
• $ end of line

Editing

u undo; ^R redo

Inserting

All insertion commands are terminated with <Esc> to return to command mode.

i insert text at cursor; I insert text at start of line

o open new line below; O open new line above

Deleting

D delete to end of line

dd delete whole line

Cut and paste

yy copy line into paste buffer

cc cut line into paste buffer

p paste buffer below cursor line; P paste buffer above cursor line

Global

:%s/foo/bar/g substitute all occurrences of "foo" to "bar"

Searching

/ search forward; ? search backward

/foo to search for "foo" forward from cursor

n next match in same direction; N next match in opposite direction

Files

:w write file to disk

:q quit editing a file; :q! quit editing without saving changes